pugnus

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *pugnos, from Proto-Indo-European *puǵnos, *puḱnos, from *pewǵ- (“prick, punch”). Near cognates include Ancient Greek πυγμή (pugmḗ, “fist”). Related to pungō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈpʊŋ.nʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈpuɲ.ɲus]

Noun

pugnus m (genitive pugnī); second declension

1. a fist; a hand with all fingers curled up
2. a fistful, handful

Declension

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	pugnus	pugnī
genitive	pugnī	pugnōrum
dative	pugnō	pugnīs
accusative	pugnum	pugnōs
ablative	pugnō	pugnīs
vocative	pugne	pugnī

Derived terms

• pugneus
• pugnitus
• pugnō

Related terms

• pugil
• pugiō
• pugna
• pugnācitās
• pugnāciter
• pugnāculum
• pugnantia
• pugnātor
• pugnātōrius
• pugnātrīx
• pugnāx
• pungō

Descendants

• Balkan-Romance:
  • Aromanian: pulmu
  • Romanian: pumn, pubn, pugn
• Asturian: puñu
• Catalan: puny
• Corsican: pugnu
• Emilian: pùgn
• → Esperanto: pugno
• Friulian: pugn
• Ido: pugno
• Istriot: poûgno
• Italian: pugno
  • → Greek: μπουνιά f (bouniá)
• Lombard: pugn
• Neapolitan: punio
• Old French: poing
  • Middle French: poing
    • French: poing
  • Norman: poing
  • Walloon: pougn
• Old Galician-Portuguese: punno, puno, puño, punho
  • Galician: puño
  • Portuguese: punho
• Old Occitan:
  • Occitan: ponh, punh
• Old Spanish:
  • Spanish: puño
• Romansch: pugn, puogn
• Sardinian: punzu, prunzu, pungiu, puniu
• Sicilian: pugnu
• Venetan: pugno

References

• “pugnus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “pugnus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "pugnus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “pugnus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 1275c.